WHO has defined elimination of mother-to-child transmission of HIV and syphilis (EMTCT) as a reduction in the number of new HIV and syphilis infections among infants to a level at which they are no longer a public health problem. WHO defines these levels as the impact criteria for country validation of EMTCT for the two infections. Prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV includes preventing primary HIV infection in women and girls of childbearing age, identifying HIV infection as early as possible before or during pregnancy and postpartum, providing the pregnant and post partum women and their families living with HIV antiretroviral therapy immediately on diagnosis and continuing antiretroviral therapy through the pregnancy and breastfeeding periods. Women are then encouraged to continue antiretroviral therapy for life. PMTCT of syphilis includes early detection of maternal syphilis and immediate treatment with a minimum of one injection of 2.4 million units of benzathine penicillin G intramuscularly at least four weeks before delivery.

链接地址：https://apps.who.int/iris/handle/10665/332488