This report examines the extent to which water initiatives (policies, strategies, plans, projects and programmes) have integrated a gender lens in thirteen countries in Eastern Africa (namely, Comoros, Djibouti, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, Rwanda, Seychelles, Somalia, South Sudan, Tanzania and Uganda). It analyses how the framing conditions set by the water initiatives in their goals, objectives, activities, indicators, and outcomes contribute to reducing gender inequality in access to water and in decision making about water-use. The report used a two-pronged approach. First, analysis of water related legislations (including Acts, Bills and Policies) as well as other strategic Plans and Strategies of relevant government state organs. Secondly, empirical data from an online survey and key informant interviews of policy makers in water and related sectors was done to examine how gender mediates access to water and how it is accounted for in water management practices.The report also used a gender analytical framework and associated indicators (modified from the UNESCO-WWAP framework) of gender integration in the water sector into a conceptual  framework  of  policy  engagement  with  gender.  Three  levels  of  gender integration were used, that is gender sensitive (water policies that are aware of and address gender differences), gender responsiveness (actions within the policies that reflect an understanding of gender roles and inequalitiesand conduct gender analysis and ensures gender  inclusiveness)  and  gender  transformative  (water  policies  that  conduct  gender analysis, addresses gender differences and power inequalities, and transforms gender relations to achieve gender equity in the water sector). Additionally, using the conceptual framework, a systematic review of intersection of climate change, water and gender was conducted. A total of 369 water initiatives (programs, projects, strategies policies) were identified having been implemented between the years of 2015-2020.  Close to half of the documents identified were in Rwanda, Ethiopia, Kenya, and Tanzania with Kenya (46) and Ethiopia (42) representing the most frequent water initiatives. Out of the 369 water legislations, project, and programs, only 39.6% of them mention gender and gender related terms such as equality, equity, gender balance, women participation, increasing access to water for women and girls, and mainstreaming gender into water projects and program

链接地址：https://unesdoc.unesco.org/notice?id=p::usmarcdef_0000386225&posInSet=319&queryId=d1c350a4-ea3b-4372-b9cb-9ba3a56768be